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(Ilje illount ^irj Jfcto^. fOL. XXXIX „ , MOVJfl AIRY, JfORTR CAROLINA, THURSDAY. APRIL 5, 1917. MO. 38 PRESIDENT SAYS THAT AMERICA MUST BRING GERMANY TO TERMS Asks Congress to Use Resources of the Nation to Bring War to A Successful End J Washington, ApriL 2.^-Preaident Wilson tonight urged Congress, assembled in joint sesion, to declare a state of war existing between the United States and Germany. In a dispassionate, but unmeasured denunciation of the course of the imperial German government, which he charac terized as a challenge to all mankind and a warfare against all nations, the President declared that neutrality no longer was feasible or desirable where the peace of the world was involv ed ; that armed neutrality has become ineffectual enough at best an<j was likely to produce what it was meant to prevent, and urged that Congress accept the gauge of battle with all the resources of tne nation. "F advise that the Congress declare the recent course of the imperial German government to be in fact nothing less than war against the government and people of the United States," said the President, "that it formally accept the status of belligerent, which has thus been thrust upon it and that it take steps not only to put the country in a more thorough state of defense but also to exert all its power and employ all its re sources to bring the government of the German empire to terms and end the war." When the President had finished speaking resolutions to declare state of war existing were introduced in both houses of Congress, referred to committees and will be debated tomor row. There is no d-vibt of their passage. The objects of the United States in entering the war, the President said, were to vindicate the principles of peace and justice against "selfish and autocratic power." Without sel fish ends, for conquest or dominion, seeking no indemnities, or material compensations for the sacrifices it shall make, the United States must enter the war, the President said, to m»»ke the world safe for dc:nocracy, as only < ne of the champions of the rights of mankind, and would be satisfied when those rights were as secure m the faith and freedom of nations could make them. The Presidents address was sent in full to Germany by a German official news agency for publication in that country. The text also went to Eng land and a summary of its contents jwas gent around the world to other nations. To carry on an effective warfare against the German government which he charaterized as a "natural foe to liberty", the President recommended: Utmost practical co-operation in counsel and action with the govern ments already at war with Germany. Extension of liberal financ .il credits to those governments so that tve re sources of America may be added so far as possible to theirs. . Organization and mobilization of all the material resources of the country. Full equipment of the navy, practic ally for means of dealing with the submarine menace. An army of at least BOO 000 men, based on the principle of universal lia bility to service, and the authoriza tion of additional increments of 500,000 eacb as they are needed or can be handled in training. Kaising necessary money for the * United States government, so far as possible without borrowing and on the basis of equitable taxation. All preparations the President urged should be made in such a way as not to check the flow of war supplies to the nations already in the field against Germany. Measures to accomplish all these jends the President told Congress, would be presented with the best thought of the executive departments which will be charged with the conduct of the war and he besought consider ation for them in that light. President Wilson's appearance be fore Congress was marVed by a scene of the greatest enthusiam ever shown -tince he began the practice of deliver ing his addresses in person. Crowds on the outside of the capitol cheered him frantically as he entered and as he left. Congress roared chee: after cheer in an outburst of patriotic en thusiasm. From the galleries, the only mem l«rs who appeared not to be joining in the demonstration were some sen ators of the group which the Presi ^ dent branded as "wilful men", who by preventing a vote on the armed neutrality bill, had made the "great government of the United States con temptible." Chief Justice White was rmong those who checred loudly und there was no division of spirit between Republicans and Dmncrat*. Rofering only briefly to Ihr long diplomatic MifM)>ondenc<r with C?er many in his effort to bring her back to the bounds of the laws of humanity and nations the Resident launched into his denunciation of the course of the German government which +ie de clared had forced the United States to become a belligerent. "The wrongs against which we now arm ourselves," he said, "are no com mon wrongs; they cut to the veryroot of human life." „ «• DisclairtlWg any quarrel with the German people and anything but a feeling of friendship and sympathy for them, the President declared their gov rnment had not acted upon their im pulses in entering the war, nor with their previous knowledge or approval. "It was a war," he said, "determined upon as wars used to be determined upon in the old unhappy days when peoples were nowhere consulted by their rulers and wars were provoked and waged in the interest of dynasties or of little groups of r.mbitious men who were accustomed to use their fel low men as pawns and tools." In scathing terms the President re ferred to German plota against the United States. une 01 uie uiings t"«t nas served to convince us that the Prussian auto cracy was not and never could be our friend is that from the very outset of the present war it has filled our unsuspecting communities and even onr offices of government with spies and set criminal intrigues everywhere afoot against our national unity of council, our peace within and without, our industries and our commeroe." It was evident, the President added that the spies were here before the war began. That the German gov ernment means to stir up enemies at the very doors of the United States was eloquently proved, he said, by the revelation of the plot to embroil Japan and Mexico in war with the United States. "We are accepting this challenge of hostile purposes," said the President, "because we know that in such a gov ernment, following such methods we can never have a friend; and that in the presence of its organized power always lying in wait to accomplish we know not what purpose, there can be no assured security for the democratic governments of the world." The "whole force of the nation" if I necessary, the President declared, would lie spent against "this; natural foe to liberty," and to "check lta pre ' tensions and its power." I Toward Germany's allies, the Presi dent paid, the United States wat tak ing no action at this time. While the Free Went waa a peaking, word of the torpedoing with out warn ing of the American ateamer Aztex, the first of the American armed ship to he attacked in the barred lone, waa parsed from mouth to mouth, but the President did not konw of it until he had finished. i While Congress works tomorrow on the war resolutions, the cabinet will hold a war session to which Major General Scott, chief of staff of the army, and Admiral Benson, chief of operationH of the navy, may be invited. Meanwhile, many days of hurried pre parations for the eventuality which now confronts the nation, have borne their fruit and remafn only to be car ried further. The nati in is on a war footing, de claring uai upon no othre; only gird ing itself to take up the gauntlet that had been so ruthlessly thrown down. Resolution Declaring War Exist* Presented. Washington, April 2.—Immediately after the president left the cspitol, the senate and house reconvened and an identic joint resolution was introduced in both houses declaring the existence of a state of war, and directing the President to employ all the resources of the country to carry on war against the imperial German governmei.t and bring the conflict to asuccessful con clusion. The resolution was referred to the foreign affairs committee by both houses and adjournment until tomor row followed soon afterward. Both committees meet tomorrow morning. The resolution ic as follows: "Joint resolution declaring that a stale of war exists between the im perial German government and the government and people of the United States and making a provision to pros ecute the same; "Whereas, the recent acts of the im perial government are acts of war against the government and people of the United States; "Beaoived, by the senate and him of representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, that the state of war between the United States and the imperial Ger man government, mhich has thus been thrust upon the United States is here by formally declared; and, "That the President be, and he is hereby authorized and directed to take immediate steps not only to (,'Ut the country into a thorough state of de fence, but also to exert all of its power and employ all of its resources to carry on war against the imperial German government and to bring the conflict to a succeasufl termination." Half Million Women and Men to Watch for SpieaC Washin>?ton. March 30.—Virtually the er' ire force of the federal govern mt it's civilian employes, approximate ly 500.000 men and women engaged in every branch of service has been sum moned to aid the bureau of investiga tion and the secret service in the de tection of spios and the apprehension of persons engaged in plots, intrigues and other activities against the inter ests of the United States. In addition, the government has sought the active co-operation of the police and detective forces of every town and city of consequence through out the country. Hundreds of letters requesting such co-operation have been mailed broadcast by the depart ment of justice and replies pleading unstinted aid are coming back in great numbers by telegraph and mail. The largest single force which the government has enrolled in ita nation wide spy hunt, with the possible ex ception of the municipal police and de tective forces, is the army of post masters, all of whom have been in structed to permit no clue as to the identity of suspected individuals and their activities to go unreported. Under the postmasters are working the letter carriers in the cities and the rural free delivery carriers in the country, a force, all told of about 300, OoO men Instructions to the federal employ es call for the prompt reporting to designated authorities of all informa tion, no mnttor how minor it appears, which might seem to furnish clues in ferreting out agents of foreign gov ernment. Hardly Possible. The following resolution wax pann ed by an Irioh corporation: "That a new jail should be built; that thin be done out of the material* of the old one. and that the old jail t>e used until the new one U completed." DEMOCRATS ELECT MR. CLARK SPEAKER. CMb Har Vote tar Republi can Candidate. Washington, April 2.—Thu war con gress wan orgamzod today by the De mocratic party, and the way was clear ed tonight for immediate legislative action to support President Wilson in hostilities with Germany. The Demo cratic organization of the house wis accomplished by a narrow margin, with the aid of four representatives elected as independents. The senate, with a safe Democratic majority, had already been organized in the special session of the upper house held Ma -ch 5th. The election of Speaker Champ Clark and other house officers, 'he ad option of Democratic house rule* and the election of the house committees kept the house busy from noon until well into the evening, when arrange ments were completed for a joint ses sion of both houses to hear President Wilson's war address. The session was marked by sombre, business like earnestness, as th>? representatives of the people confronted a legislative de cision that may throw the United States into the 'maelstrom of war which for three yea. f has convulsed Europe. Democrats and Republicans joined in the patriotic declarations, even as they fought for partisan orga nization of the house. Three Republicans Bolt. The defeat of Republican Leader J. K. Mann, for speaker, was accomplish ed Sy the defertion of three Republi cans from his'standard, and the de cision of the independents to give the house control to the administration. The vote was: Clark 217; Mann 205; Representative Lenroot, of Wisconsin 2; Representative Gillette, of Massa chusetts, 2. Tw» Sick nil liiil tm. Two sick men were brought into the chamber while the roll call for the speakership was in progress. They were Gordon Lee, of Georgia, who vot ed with his party, and Meeker, of Mis souri, Republican, who voted for Mann. The two invalids remained in the chamber only long enough to cast their votes, and they were roundly cheered by their colleagues. The Democratic effort to immediate ly adopt the rules of the last house as the governing laws of the new body met with vigorous Republican oppo sition and precipitated a bitter parlia mentary wrangle which for a time threatened seriously to delay the pro ceedings, and cause a further postpone ment of the President's war speech. Democratic leaders however, were emphatic in their declarations that they would not suspend business until the organization had been completed and the President's speech delivered. Throughout the long day of._parlia mentary struggle and patriotic oratory the galleries of the house were jam med with eager spectators, who evinc ed a vigorous spirit of patriotism. Outside the capitol'police and secret service men scrutinized carefully every one of tlie big crowd which sought ad mittance to the building, and mingled with the throng of pacifists propagan dists who sought to start demonstrat ions in the capitol plaza. French War Debt Will Be Enormous. Paris, March 28.—A vivid idea of the crushing burden of war taxation in Europe is supplied by M. E. Rioult, a French statistician, who finds that every single French person will after the war have to pay monthly $5.55 taxation for forty years. Thus for a family of six persons $33.30 will have to be paid out per month to liquidate France's war indebtedness. M. E. Rioult calculates that France's total war debt will prove to be $24, 000,000,000. The total population of France is 38,000,000 and if this sum had to be divided among the population each person would receive $631.68. Frances' annual financial obliga tions hereafter will be as follows: Interewt on war loans at five per cent—$1,200,000,000. Amortisation in forty years—$600, 000,000. Pmmion*—$300,000,000. Indemnities for • reconstruction of property destroyed—$300,000,000. Total—$2,400,000,000. Those figures relates only to was burdens and ure in addition to the us>tMl peace taxation. RUSHING WAR PREPARA TIONS. "SaUctiva Conscription' to Rum Army 800,000 Man. Washington, April S.—Wmr plans— military, economic and financial—for aggressive hostilities against Germa l ny, war* rushad forward today by tha ' administration branch of tha govern - ■ mant and only await action by Con It rasa on a war resolution to be put into execution. Enactment of the resolution not i later than Thursday wan confidently i forecast at the rapitol after a delay of 34 hours had been caused in the senate i by Senator LaFollette's objection to its immediate consideration. Debate will begin in both houses tomorrow, with action before adjournment probable. Sentiment in favor of the resolution is almost unanimous and the only ques tion is how much time shall be devoted to ! peecfimnking. "Selective Conscription." President Wilson and his cabinet went over the war plans at a two-hour session and previously the national de I fense council, with its civilian advisory I commission and several subsidiary or I ionizations developed policies and de tails of momentous consequence to | the nati Meanv.hile the war and [ navy departments were going ahead . with the most immediate preparations for defense. Already the navy has taken steps to insure co-operation between the Am erican fleet and those of the entente allies to become effective upon the for mal entry of the United States into the war. The most important plans under pre paration by the administration in chcH: Enlistment by selective conscription young men for a national army, in ad dition to the regular establishment and national guard, in increment* of 500, 000 until enough have been trained to make certain the defeat of Germany. Raise Money by Taxation. Organisation of the nation's com mercial interests for economical and effective distribution of commodities among the civilian population. Rapid provision of adequate means of combatting the submarine menace. The raising of a very large sum of money, as much as possible to be ob tained by taxation, and the definite amount of the first budget not to be fixeil until the exact needs of the army and nr>vy ar.d of the entente allies are ascertained. i Purchase of supplies and equipment of al) kinds for th? ar«*y under a prov ision of law which allows the .secre tary of war to fix a "reasonable price" and division of the young men of the rountry into classes, those needed most in industries than in the army or navy to receive insigiiij. showing they are performing duty equivalent to fight ing. Require Authorization of Congresa. Most of these plans will require the authorization of Congress, but from opinions expressed at the capitol it is believed that onee the war resolution is adopted, furth- - legislation to em power the executive branch to go full speed ahead will follow quickly. There is every indication that the nation, through its representatives, will follow out President Wilson's words to Congress and "exert all its power and employ all its resources to bring the government of the German empire to terms and end the war." Ways of Providing Money. The council, all of whose members later attended the cabinet meeting, de cided to confer every day this week with the possible exception of tomor row. Its activities, which have to be approved by the President, and in some cases by Congress, have begun to reach into every problem aimed to make the United States most efficient in war. Tenative way» in which the great sums of money needed by the gov ernment may be raised are in course of preparation. The revenue-making power, however, lies entirely with Con gress. In line with the President's sugges tion to Congress in his address, that the present generation bear as much of the financial burden as possible, the ways of providing money under con sideration today included increasing the excess profits tax, lowering the mfTiimtTTh for exemptions and increas ing the super-tax under the income tax law, increasing internal revenue taxes on some article* and placing ■tamp taxes- on some articles not now included. The general idea ia to place taxation most heavily on thoaa bast able to pay. !t in realized that u(M of the tire— >«ry furda will hava to b« raiaed by Kind iaauaa in tha form of popular sub ! scription loan*. It wan estimated by una cabinet member that 110,000,000-, U00 in unall interest loans can ba raiaad quickly in tha United State*. Opposition has developed to tha truaranteeing of foreign bond iaauaa, but it appeared probabla that tha United States, having raiaed money in this country, would purchase the bonds of one or more of the entente allies at In* rates of interest and in that way furninh them with ample capital with which to further their own war plans. Home Demonstration Work. Little Richmond Cluh. The 'Lit t 1m Richmond Club, although a small club in nut lacking in into rent itr energy. They have recently pur chased a $20.00 oil stove with proceeds from their ice cream supper of last summer and they are making money 1 to pay for cooking utensils, by tha 1 tal»nt plan; each member starting with 10 cents and investing in thread I for crochet, or some other plan as she *ecs fit. The last meeting was held at the school building where, they ex pect to hold most of them in the fu ture. The officers and members of the club hope that every girl "and wo man within reach of Little Richmond will attend the next meeting Wednes day April 2">th, at 2 p. m. Oak Grove Club. Friday afternoon the Demonstration Club met with the President Mrs. Arm field. Mrs. E. C. Seewald, an expert candy maker of Mount Airy gave the club very helpful demonstrations in making home made candies and cake fillings and iceings. She also talked on the value and need of pure candies for children. This club is next to our youngest, having beer, organized late 1 in December; but it is not standing stilL Its members have a plan on Coat to isist roatr fcr en ail ut—» - and other equipment for a club cooking room, hoping thereby to enlarge the club's usefulness. White Plains Club. Mrs. Lottie Robertson entertained the Home Demonstration club Thurs lay afternoon March 29, and Mrs. E. C, Seewald of Mt. Airy gave demon trations and talked on home-made •andies. She gave the club several points in this art that are generally known only to professional candy makers. The White Plains club was ' organized only a month ago, but the attendance of twenty three at this meeting is a very encouraging sign. Clean, Pure Milk the Basis of Good Butter. Butter of good quality that will bring a good price is largely controlled by the producer of milk and Cream. Good cream is essential to the produc tion of good butter, and clean, pure milk is essential to good cream. In ferior butter is had fr«m inferior cream, and inferior butter will bring a low price. It is, therefore, necessary, say spe cialists of the Dairy Field Office of the Extension Service, that good, clean milk is produced by tbe dairyman who expects to sell his cream to his local creamery. To produce clean milk, the barn, cow, and milk utensils must be clean. The cream separator and all other milk utensils should be thor oughly washed and scalded after each use. If they are allowed to stand, cleaning will be more difficult and less efficient. In separating the milk, the cream screw should be regular so that it will deliver a cream containing from 80 to 40 per cent of butterfat. Rich cream does not sour as quic.Uy as thin, and enableti the hauler to gat a more ac curate sample for testing. It also leaves more skim-milk on the farm for feeding, and, in addition, reduce* the cost of traniportation. Cream tours very quickly at temper at u res above 60 degree* F. It, there fore, should be cooled immediately after separating and placed in a cool, clean place which i* free from odor*. Cold water is an effective cooler. Fresh warm cream should not be placed with older, cool cream, for this raises the temperature of the cool cream and ffciiaes souring to hasten. Karh time a new lot of cream i* added to a receptacle the whole should be •tirred thoroughly so as to prevent* the formation <>f lumps or curd. Cleanliness low temperature, anil frequent deliveries result la good >-ream, which makes butter of high , 1 ity and maxlm«B price. Mstgtrtt M. Helwai.
The Mount Airy News (Mount Airy, N.C.)
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April 5, 1917, edition 1
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